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Preliminary Material /X. Yong -- Introduction: My Decade Of Thinking About Rights /X. Yong -- 1. Minben (People-As-Root) And Minquan (Civil Rights) /X. Yong -- 2. Rights And Virtues: An Analysis Of Chinese Rights Discourse Through A Case Study Of Political Participation /X. Yong -- 3. Mme. H And Her Relationship With Messrs. D And S /X. Yong -- 4. Human Rights And Chinese Tradition /X. Yong -- 5. The Development Of Rights And China's Social Progress /X. Yong -- 6. Theoretical Model Of The Growth Of Rights In Public Law /X. Yong -- 7. The Birth Of Villagers' Rights In Public Law In China /X. Yong -- 8. Torture And Utilitarianism /X. Yong -- 9. The Fundamental Issues Of Rights Philosophy /X. Yong -- Selected Bibliography /X. Yong -- Index Of Contents /X. Yong -- Index Of Main Authors /X. Yong.

IMPORTANCE: A reduced incidence of microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may be associated with a decreased risk of early tumor recurrence and better survival after partial hepatectomy. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of preoperative antiviral treatment (AVT) with the incidences of MVI and posthepatectomy early tumor recurrence in HBV-related HCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data on a cohort of 2362 patients who underwent R0 resection for HBV-related HCC between January 2008 and April 2010 at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China, were reviewed. The median (interquartile range) postoperative follow-up was 44.8 (22.8-59.3) months. Data were analyzed from June 2016 to October 2017. INTERVENTIONS: Preoperative AVT and partial hepatectomy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Overall survival and time to recurrence after surgery were calculated and compared using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. Independent risk factors of MVI presence were assessed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Among 2362 included patients, 1999 (84.6%) were men, and the median (interquartile range) age was 50.6 (43.1-57.3) years. A total of 2036 patients (86.2%) did not receive any preoperative AVT, while 326 (13.8%) received ongoing AVT more than 90 days before surgery. In the non-AVT group, compared with a preoperative HBV DNA level of less than 2000 IU/mL, a preoperative HBV DNA level of 2000 IU/mL or greater was associated with an increased risk of MVI (odds ratio [OR], 1.399; 95% CI, 1.151-1.701). Compared with the non-AVT group, patients receiving AVT had a lower incidence of MVI (38.7% [126 of 326] vs 48.6% [989 of 2036]; P = .001) and reduced risk of MVI (OR, 0.758; 95% CI, 0.575-0.998). A complete response to AVT was an independent protective factor of MVI (OR, 0.690; 95% CI, 0.500-0.952). Accordingly, preoperative AVT was associated with decreased 6-month, 1-year, and ...

Jian Huang,1,* Yun Yang,1,* Yong Xia,2,* Fu-Chen Liu,1,* Lei Liu,1 Peng Zhu,1 Sheng-Xian Yuan,1 Fang-Ming Gu,1 Si-Yuan Fu,1 Wei-Ping Zhou,1 Hui Liu,1 Bei-Ge Jiang,1 Ze-Ya Pan1 1The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Mengchao Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201805, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ze-Ya Pan; Bei-Ge Jiang No. 700, MoYu North Road, Jiading, Shanghai, People's Republic of ChinaTel +86-13391236437; +86-13764561303Email hjluffy@126.com; jiang_beige@aliyun.comPurpose: To predict patient survival in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatic resection. We evaluated the prognostic potential of the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) in order to use it to model a nomogram.Patients and Methods: We randomized 901 early-stage HCC patients treated with hepatic resection at our center into training and validation cohorts that were followed from January 2009 to December 2012. X-tile software was used to establish the APRI cut-off threshold in the training cohort. The validation cohort was subsequently assessed to determine threshold value accuracy. Data generated from the multivariate analysis in the training cohort were used to design a prognostic nomogram. Decision curve analyses (DCA), concordance index values (C-index) and calibration curves were used to determine the performance of the nomogram.Results: X-tile software revealed that the optimal APRI cut-off threshold in the training cohort that distinguished between patients with different prognoses was 0.9. We, therefore, validated its prognostic value. Multivariate analyses showed that poor overall survival was associated with APRI above 0.9, blood loss of more than 400 mL, liver cirrhosis, multiple tumors, tumor size greater than 5 cm, microvascular invasion and satellite lesions. When the independent risk factors were integrated into the prognostic nomogram, it performed well with accurate predictions. Indeed, the performance was better than comparative prognosticators (P< 0.05 for all) with 0.752 as the C-index (95% CI: 0.706– 0.798). These results were verified by the validation cohort.Conclusion: APRI was a noninvasive and accurate predictive indicator for patients with early-stage HCC. Following hepatic resection to treat early-stage HCC, individualized patient survival predictions can be aided by the nomogram based on APRI.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic resection, survival, nomogram, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, APRI